Association of lipid, inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers with age at onset for incident cardiovascular disease | BMC Medicine
Roth GA, Johnson C, Abajobir A, Abd-Allah F, Abera SF, Abyu G, Ahmed M, Aksut B, Alam T, Alam K, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases for 10 causes, 1990 to 2015. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017;70(1):1–25.
Lloyd-Jones DM, Nam BH, D’Agostino RB Sr, Levy D, Murabito JM, Wang TJ, Wilson PW, O’Donnell CJ. Parental cardiovascular disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults: a prospective study of parents and offspring. JAMA. 2004;291(18):2204–11.
Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH, BaireyMerz CN, Blum CB, Eckel RH, Goldberg AC, Gordon D, Levy D, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;63(25):2889–934.
Andersson C, Vasan RS. Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in young individuals. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2018;15(4):230–40.
Ford ES, Capewell S. Coronary heart disease mortality among young adults in the U.S. from 1980 through 2002: concealed leveling of mortality rates. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50(22):2128–32.
George MG, Tong X, Kuklina EV, Labarthe DR. Trends in stroke hospitalizations and associated risk factors among children and young adults, 1995–2008. Ann Neurol. 2011;70(5):713–21.
Kissela BM, Khoury JC, Alwell K, Moomaw CJ, Woo D, Adeoye O, Flaherty ML, Khatri P, Ferioli S, De Los Rios La Rosa F, et al. Age at stroke: temporal trends in stroke incidence in a large, biracial population. Neurology. 2012;79(17):1781–7.
Bucholz EM, Strait KM, Dreyer RP, Lindau ST, D’Onofrio G, Geda M, Spatz ES, Beltrame JF, Lichtman JH, Lorenze NP, et al. Editor’s choice-sex differences in young patients with acute myocardial infarction: A VIRGO study analysis. Eur Heart J Acute Cardiovasc Care. 2017;6(7):610–22.
Pelletier R, Humphries KH, Shimony A, Bacon SL, Lavoie KL, Rabi D, Karp I, Tsadok MA, Pilote L. Sex-related differences in access to care among patients with premature acute coronary syndrome. CMAJ. 2014;186(7):497–504.
Zhao M, Vaartjes I, Graham I, Grobbee D, Spiering W, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Woodward M, Peters SA. Sex differences in risk factor management of coronary heart disease across three regions. Heart. 2017;103(20):1587–94.
Pancholy SB, Shantha GP, Patel T, Cheskin LJ. Sex differences in short-term and long-term all-cause mortality among patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction treated by primary percutaneous intervention: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174(11):1822–30.
Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, McQueen M, Budaj A, Pais P, Varigos J, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364(9438):937–52.
Singh A, Collins BL, Gupta A, Fatima A, Qamar A, Biery D, Baez J, Cawley M, Klein J, Hainer J, et al. Cardiovascular risk and statin eligibility of young adults after an MI: Partners YOUNG-MI Registry. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(3):292–302.
Avezum A, Makdisse M, Spencer F, Gore JM, Fox KA, Montalescot G, Eagle KA, White K, Mehta RH, Knobel E, et al. Impact of age on management and outcome of acute coronary syndrome: observations from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE). Am Heart J. 2005;149(1):67–73.
Stegemann C, Pechlaner R, Willeit P, Langley SR, Mangino M, Mayr U, Menni C, Moayyeri A, Santer P, Rungger G, et al. Lipidomics profiling and risk of cardiovascular disease in the prospective population-based Bruneck study. Circulation. 2014;129(18):1821–31.
Würtz P, Havulinna AS, Soininen P, Tynkkynen T, Prieto-Merino D, Tillin T, Ghorbani A, Artati A, Wang Q, Tiainen M, et al. Metabolite profiling and cardiovascular event risk: a prospective study of 3 population-based cohorts. Circulation. 2015;131(9):774–85.
Mora S, Buring JE, Ridker PM, Cui Y. Association of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with incident cardiovascular events in women, by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein B100 levels: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155(11):742–50.
Dugani SB, Moorthy MV, Li C, Demler OV, Alsheikh-Ali AA, Ridker PM, Glynn RJ, Mora S. Association of lipid, inflammatory, and metabolic biomarkers with age at onset for incident coronary heart disease in women. JAMA Cardiol. 2021;6(4):437–47.
Zhao M, Song L, Sun L, Wang M, Wang C, Yao S, Li Y, Yun C, Zhang S, Sun Y, et al. Associations of type 2 diabetes onset age with cardiovascular disease and mortality: the Kailuan study. Diabetes Care. 2021;44(6):1426–32.
Wang A, Tian X, Zuo Y, Chen S, Meng X, Wu S, Wang Y. Change in triglyceride-glucose index predicts the risk of cardiovascular disease in the general population: a prospective cohort study. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2021;20(1):113.
Wang C, Yuan Y, Zheng M, Pan A, Wang M, Zhao M, Li Y, Yao S, Chen S, Wu S, et al. Association of age of onset of hypertension with cardiovascular diseases and mortality. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020;75(23):2921–30.
Jin C, Chen S, Vaidya A, Wu Y, Wu Z, Hu FB, Kris-Etherton P, Wu S, Gao X. Longitudinal change in fasting blood glucose and myocardial infarction risk in a population without diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2017;40(11):1565–72.
Wu S, Song Y, Chen S, Zheng M, Ma Y, Cui L, Jonas J. Blood pressure classification of 2017 associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in young Chinese adults. Hypertension. 2020;76(1):251–8 (Dallas, Tex : 1979).
Stroke. Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Report of the WHO Task Force on Stroke and other Cerebrovascular Disorders. Stroke. 1989;20(10):1407–31.
Tunstall-Pedoe H, Kuulasmaa K, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Rajakangas A, Pajak A. Myocardial infarction and coronary deaths in the World Health Organization MONICA Project. Registration procedures, event rates, and case-fatality rates in 38 populations from 21 countries in four continents. Circulation. 1994;90(1):583–612.
Wendel-Vos GC, Schuit AJ, Saris WH, Kromhout D. Reproducibility and relative validity of the short questionnaire to assess health-enhancing physical activity. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003;56(12):1163–9.
Chen C, Lu FC. The guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. Biomed Environ Sci. 2004;17(Suppl):1–36.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL Jr, Jones DW, Materson BJ, Oparil S, Wright JT Jr, et al. The seventh report of the joint national committee on prevention, detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560–72.
Alberti KG, Eckel RH, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ, Cleeman JI, Donato KA, Fruchart JC, James WP, Loria CM, Smith SC Jr. Harmonizing the metabolic syndrome: a joint interim statement of the international diabetes federation task force on epidemiology and prevention; national heart, lung, and blood institute; american heart association; world heart federation; international atherosclerosis society; and international association for the study of obesity. Circulation. 2009;120(16):1640–5.
Ma X, Dong L, Shao Q, Cheng Y, Lv S, Sun Y, Shen H, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Liu X. Triglyceride glucose index for predicting cardiovascular outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and acute coronary syndrome. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2020;19(1):31.
Levey AS, Stevens LA, Schmid CH, Zhang YL, Castro AF 3rd, Feldman HI, Kusek JW, Eggers P, Van Lente F, Greene T, et al. A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150(9):604–12.
Engmann NJ, Golmakani MK, Miglioretti DL, Sprague BL, Kerlikowske K. Population-attributable risk proportion of clinical risk factors for breast cancer. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(9):1228–36.
Hui Y, Wang J, An Y, Gong Q, Li H, Zhang B, Shuai Y, Chen Y, Hu Y, Li G. Premature death and risk of cardiovascular disease in young-onset diabetes: a 23-year follow-up of the Da Qing Diabetes Study. Endocrine. 2019;65(1):46–52.
Zhou S, Meng X, Wang S, Ren R, Hou W, Huang K, Shi H. A 3-year follow-up study of β-cell function in patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Exp Ther Med. 2016;12(2):1097–102.
Liguori A, Abete P, Hayden JM, Cacciatore F, Rengo F, Ambrosio G, Bonaduce D, Condorelli M, Reaven PD, Napoli C. Effect of glycaemic control and age on low-density lipoprotein susceptibility to oxidation in diabetes mellitus type 1. Eur Heart J. 2001;22(22):2075–84.
Miura K, Daviglus ML, Dyer AR, Liu K, Garside DB, Stamler J, Greenland P. Relationship of blood pressure to 25-year mortality due to coronary heart disease, cardiovascular diseases, and all causes in young adult men: the Chicago heart association detection project in industry. Arch Intern Med. 2001;161(12):1501–8.
Niiranen TJ, McCabe EL, Larson MG, Henglin M, Lakdawala NK, Vasan RS, Cheng S. Heritability and risks associated with early onset hypertension: multigenerational, prospective analysis in the framingham heart study. BMJ. 2017;357:j1949.
Tolstrup JS, Hvidtfeldt UA, Flachs EM, Spiegelman D, Heitmann BL, Bälter K, Goldbourt U, Hallmans G, Knekt P, Liu S, et al. Smoking and risk of coronary heart disease in younger, middle-aged, and older adults. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(1):96–102.
Song RJ, Nguyen XT, Quaden R, Ho YL, Justice AC, Gagnon DR, Cho K, O’Donnell CJ, Concato J, Gaziano JM, et al. Alcohol consumption and risk of coronary artery disease (from the Million Veteran Program). Am J Cardiol. 2018;121(10):1162–8.
Mukamal KJ, Jensen MK, Grønbaek M, Stampfer MJ, Manson JE, Pischon T, Rimm EB. Drinking frequency, mediating biomarkers, and risk of myocardial infarction in women and men. Circulation. 2005;112(10):1406–13.
Zhang XY, Shu L, Si CJ, Yu XL, Liao D, Gao W, Zhang L, Zheng PF. Dietary patterns, alcohol consumption and risk of coronary heart disease in adults: a meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2015;7(8):6582–605.
Finucane MM, Stevens GA, Cowan MJ, Danaei G, Lin JK, Paciorek CJ, Singh GM, Gutierrez HR, Lu Y, Bahalim AN, et al. National, regional, and global trends in body-mass index since 1980: systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 960 country-years and 9·1 million participants. Lancet. 2011;377(9765):557–67.
Goliasch G, Wiesbauer F, Blessberger H, Demyanets S, Wojta J, Huber K, Maurer G, Schillinger M, Speidl WS. Premature myocardial infarction is strongly associated with increased levels of remnant cholesterol. J Clin Lipidol. 2015;9(6):801-806.e801.
Wei Y, Qi B, Xu J, Zhou G, Chen S, Ouyang P, Liu S. Age- and sex-related difference in lipid profiles of patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction in East China. J Clin Lipidol. 2014;8(6):562–7.
Stamler J, Daviglus ML, Garside DB, Dyer AR, Greenland P, Neaton JD. Relationship of baseline serum cholesterol levels in 3 large cohorts of younger men to long-term coronary, cardiovascular, and all-cause mortality and to longevity. JAMA. 2000;284(3):311–8.
Pletcher MJ, Bibbins-Domingo K, Liu K, Sidney S, Lin F, Vittinghoff E, Hulley SB. Nonoptimal lipids commonly present in young adults and coronary calcium later in life: the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study. Ann Intern Med. 2010;153(3):137–46.
Stenvinkel P. Chronic kidney disease: a public health priority and harbinger of premature cardiovascular disease. J Intern Med. 2010;268(5):456–67.
Li L, Zhao M, Wang C, Zhang S, Yun C, Chen S, Cui L, Wu S, Xue H. Early onset of hyperuricemia is associated with increased cardiovascular disease and mortality risk. Clin Res Cardiol. 2021;110(7):1096–105.
Cesari M, Penninx BW, Newman AB, Kritchevsky SB, Nicklas BJ, Sutton-Tyrrell K, Tracy RP, Rubin SM, Harris TB, Pahor M. Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular disease (The Health, Aging and Body Composition [Health ABC] Study). Am J Cardiol. 2003;92(5):522–8.
Kritchevsky SB, Cesari M, Pahor M. Inflammatory markers and cardiovascular health in older adults. Cardiovasc Res. 2005;66(2):265–75.